6 days until the deadline for The Giant’s Shoulders #38!

There are only 6 days left until the deadline for The Giant’s Shoulders #38, to be hosted by The Board of Longitude Blog!  This will be a “Georgian Special Edition”, with an emphasis on posts related to 18th century science — though of course entries from all eras will still be allowed!  Please submit your entries directly to the host or Blog Carnival.com by August 15th!

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Nick Mamatas’ Sensation

I hadn’t thought about it much before, but secret societies have long been a reliable element in weird fiction of all varieties.   These societies range from the legendary Illuminati to the very real (and less sinister) Freemasons, to fictional organizations of vampires and cults of Cthulhu worshippers.

Why is the idea of such hidden groups so compelling?  I would venture to guess that, in a modern world beset with problems, secret societies give us a simple scapegoat to focus our fear and anger upon.  It is simultaneously terrifying and reassuring to imagine that those really in charge are in fact nefarious and not stupid!

Even more drama arises when multiple secret organizations end up battling it out for world supremacy.  There are as many varieties of conflicts as there are societies: for instance, recent years have brought us werewolves vs. vampires as well as the Priory of Sion vs. Opus Dei.

However, in terms of weirdness, I don’t think anything can beat the conflict featured in Nick Mamatas’ recently released novel, Sensation:

In this very odd and offbeat tale, a chance circumstance thrusts two people into the middle of an ancient conflict that has influenced all of human history — and none of those fighting it are human!

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Weird science facts, July 27 — August 2

Time for your weekly dose of weird, courtesy of my Twitter #weirdscifacts!

501. July 27: Sand tiger shark: only shark known to adjust its buoyancy by burping! I don’t know about you, but I never thought to put the words “shark” and “burp” together.  (h/t @aliholden @natlaquarium)

502. July 28: Animating the dead — with soy sauce? A great explanation of a rather macabre Japanese delicacy, written by @NerdyChristie.

503. July 29: 1848: An execution, a painter, a hypnotist, and a question of whether a decapitated head remains aware.  The seems to have been a recurring interest in the physiological effects of decapitation through the 1700s and 1800s.

504. July 30: Drs using urbandictionary.com find man’s odd speech is Cockney slang not schiozophrenia.  h/t @discoveryplace

505. July 31: Infinity is weird… even in infinity mirrors!  Here I indulge in a little self-promotion, linking again to my post on the area and width of images in an infinity mirror.

506. Aug 01: Yesterday was anniversary of the worst shark attack in history — USS Indianapolis. The Indianapolis is known to most people because of the eerie description of the event by the shark hunter Quint in “Jaws”.  h/t @hectocotyli

507. Aug 02: Imagine if you could hear your own eyeballs moving – all the time.  (h/t @_ColinS_ and @laurenonizzle)

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Infinity is weird… even in infinity mirrors!

Even very simple optics can reveal very interesting and surprising phenomena, if one looks carefully enough!  I was recently looking into the optics of a so-called “infinity mirror”, which in its simplest incarnation is simply two parallel mirrors on opposite sides of a room or elevator.  The result is a multiplication of images, seemingly stretching out to infinity (source):

I started mulling over the nature of the images — assuming one could see all of the images in an infinity mirror, all the way to infinity, would their total apparent area be finite or infinite?  It is probably clear from the photo that they’re finite, but there is nevertheless a surprising twist, which I will reveal below, after some math!

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Weird science facts, July 20 — July 26

Here are the week’s #weirdscifacts from Twitter!  This marks the 500th weird fact I’ve done, as well!

494. July 20: A migration strategy for some snails: get eaten by birds? How did snails manage to spread across so many islands separated by vast seas?  It turns out that a surprising number can survive a passage through a bird’s digestive tract, suggesting they were eaten and pooped out at a new destination! (by @theatavism)

495. July 21: May earthquakes in Maine due to ground relaxing from weight of ice during last Ice Age!  During the Ice Age, massive sheets of ice a mile high stretched across Maine.  This compressed the ground, and since the ice has receded the ground has been expanding out, giving little tremors.

496. July 22: Sometimes, injured muscles grow back as … bones.  The origin of this odd complication to injury is only now being determined.  (h/t @erikmal)

497. July 23: Fishing spiders — hunt fish while walking on water!  I always find it particularly ghastly when arachnids or insects prey on “higher” animals.  (h/t @timrs2001)

498. July 24: Scientist Robert Cornish, who in 1934 worked on “raising the dead” — namely, dogs. A Time Magazine article written about the experiments at the time can be read here.  A “see saw” was used to circulate blood in the victims to be resurrected.

499. July 25: Coronal mass ejections from the sun can eject 220 billion lbs of material at 2 million mph! That is a *lot* of material!  Many of these ejections can happen every year.

500. July 26: The stone-age Tasaday tribe, “discovered” in 1971 — a complete hoax, authentic, or in between? The original 1971 Time Magazine article can be read online.

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John Jacob Astor’s A Journey in Other Worlds

The exploration of old and relatively unknown science fiction can be rewarding on many levels.  In addition to seeing the author’s vision of the future, one also gets a snapshot of the accepted science of the time, usually riddled with surprising misconceptions.  When the author himself is famous for reasons other than writing, the book has in a sense hit the “trifecta of interesting”.

Such is the case with A Journey in Other Worlds, published in 1894:

The author of the book is John Jacob Astor IV (1864-1912), American millionaire and inventor, builder of what eventually became the Waldorf-Astoria Hotel in New York — and one of the wealthiest victims of the 1912 sinking of the RMS Titanic .

The book is a science fiction adventure, following the exploits of a handful of intrepid explorers as they take the first interplanetary voyage, visiting Jupiter and Saturn.  The tale is set in the far future, but also amusingly filled with 19th century mores and views.

(Images from original edition of book, via Project Gutenberg.)

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Weird science facts, July 13 — July 19

Back from Toronto, and working on some more posts.  In the meantime, here are the past week’s Twitter #weirdscifacts!

487. July 13: Half he, half she. A rare chimeric butterfly has been born in London.  (via @lucasbrowers)

488. July 14: Technicolour toad spotted after 87 years.

489. July 15: Lobsters that buzz?  (post by @doctorzen, h/t @jenlucpiquant)

490. July 16: Canadian physician Wilder Penfield, known for evoking vivid memories through direct brain stimulation.  (h/t to @Namnezia!)

491. July 17: French chemistry teacher and balloonist de Rozier became the 1st known air crash fatality in 1783. 

492. July 18: Apropos to recent journalistic scandals: the 1835 “great moon hoax“.  (via @beckyfh and @rmathematicus)

493. July 19: Temperatures on Mercury can range from -280 F to 800 F — in a single day.   Of course, a “single day” on Mercury is 58 earth days.  Nevertheless, the range of temperatures on Mercury is quite remarkable.

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The Giant’s Shoulders #37 is out! (The Wunderkammer Edition)

The Giant’s Shoulders #37 is up at Providentia, and is a veritable cabinet of curiosities!  Many thanks to Romeo Vitelli for putting together an excellent edition of the carnival!

The next edition will appear on the Longitude Blog on August 16th.  Entries are due by the 15th of the month, and can be submitted directly to the host blog or through BlogCarnival.com.

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Spiders and the electric light (1887)

(Digging through my archive of historical papers for short topics to blog about while I’m away on business.)

In the modern era, we are very conscious of the impact of humanity on nature — even though we are often very reluctant to do anything about it.  Whether it be the problem of human encroachment on the territory of endangered species, the threat of global warming on the ecology of a region, or the effect that new technology (such as wind power) can have on native flora and fauna, we can have an impact on nature in sometimes surprising ways.

We have had a significant influence on the natural world since even before recorded history, but it is only very recently that we became aware of this.  Looking back through old scientific journals, one can find examples where new technological developments have brought about an unexpected response from nature.  One such example is a short letter published in Science in 1887, which I reproduce in its entirety below.

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Posted in ... the Hell?, Animals, History of science | 1 Comment

Weird science facts, July 6 — July 12

Currently out of town at a meeting in Toronto, as the following picture should hopefully demonstrate:

Nevertheless, the Twitter #weirdscifacts must go on!  Here are the previous week’s posted facts:

480. July 06: In 1875, William Lowthian Green, eventual Hawaiian Finance Minister, proposed shape of continents came from tetrahedral geometry.  Before the advent of continental drift and modern plate tectonics, this geometrical explanation for the arrangement of continents and oceans was seriously considered.  (h/t @nialldeacon)

481. July 07: The bizarre mathematical conundrum of Ulam’s Spiral.  Prime numbers, which superficially seem relatively random in their appearance in the integers, show surprising patterns with the proper arrangement. (h/t @jenlucpiquant)

482. July 08: First evidence of a fish using a tool??!! O_o (via @carlzimmer)

483. July 09: How WW2 bombers inadvertently changed English weather.  So many bombers were traveling over Europe during the war that their contrails (vapor trails) may have changed the surface temperature.  The effect is small, and not certain, but interesting to contemplate.  (via @edyong209)

484. July 10: Scientists create touchable holograms? A number of people immediately (and sarcastically) noted what a boon this could be for the porn industry!

485. July 11: Canadian inventor Sandford Fleming developed standard time in 1876 after missing a train in Ireland.  My “welcome to Canada!” weird science fact!  Fleming missed a train due to a confusion between a.m. and p.m. on a train schedule.

486. July 12: Bad pine nuts leave behind bitter taste for weeks! (via @sciencegeist and @geernst ) This was also discussed in a great scicurious post!

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